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Drupal requires a web server, PHP4 (http://www.php.net/) and either
MySQL, PostgreSQL or a database server supported by the PHP PEAR API
(http://pear.php.net/).
NOTE: The Apache web server and MySQL database are strongly recommended;
other web server and database combinations such as IIS and PostgreSQL
SERVER CONFIGURATION
--------------------
Your PHP must have the following settings:
session.save_handler user
In addition, we recommend the following settings:
session.cache_limiter none
These values are set in php.ini and can be overwritten in a .htaccess
file; you can print out your local PHP settings with PHP's phpinfo()
function.
OPTIONAL COMPONENTS
-------------------
- To use XML-based services such as the Blogger API, Jabber, RSS
syndication, you will need PHP's XML extension. This extension is
enabled by default in standard PHP4 installations.
- If you want support for clean URLs, you'll need mod_rewrite and
the ability to use local .htaccess files. (More information can
be found in the Drupal handbook on drupal.org.)
INSTALLATION
------------
1. DOWNLOAD DRUPAL
Dries Buytaert
committed
$ wget http://drupal.org/files/project/drupal-x.x.x.tgz
$ tar -zxvf drupal-x.x.x.tgz
This will create a new directory drupal-x.x.x/ containing all
Drupal files and directories. Move the contents of that directory
$ mv drupal-x.x.x/* drupal-x.x.x/.htaccess /var/www/html
These instructions are for MySQL. If you are using another database,
check the database documentation. In the following examples,
"dba_user" is an example MySQL user which has the CREATE and GRANT
privileges. You will need to use the appropriate user name for your
system.
the initial database files. Next you must login and set the access
database rights:
MySQL prompt, enter following command:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.*
'nobody@localhost' is the userid of your webserver MySQL account
'password' is the password required to log in as the MySQL user
If successful, MySQL will reply with
Query OK, 0 rows affected
to activate the new permissions you must enter the command
flush privileges;
and then enter '\q' to exit MySQL.
3. LOAD THE DRUPAL DATABASE SCHEME
Once you have a database, you must load the required tables:
The default configuration can be found in the
'sites/default/settings.php' file within your Drupal installation.
Before you can run Drupal, you must set the database URL and the
base URL to the web site. Open the configuration file and edit the
$db_url line to match the database defined in the previous steps:
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In addition, a single Drupal installation can host several
Drupal-powered sites, each with its own individual configuration.
If you don't need to run multiple Drupal sites, you can skip to the
next section.
Additional site configurations are created in subdirectories within
the 'sites' directory. Each site subdirectory must have a
'settings.php' file which specifies the configuration settings. The
easiest way to create additional sites is to copy the 'default'
directory and modify the 'settings.php' file as appropriate. The new
directory name is constructed from the site's URL. The
configuration for www.example.com could be in
'sites/example.com/settings.php' (note that 'www.' should be omitted
if users can access your site at http://example.com/).
Sites do not each have to have a different domain. You can use
subdomains and subdirectories for Drupal sites also. For example,
example.com, sub.example.com, and sub.example.com/site3 can all be
defined as independent Drupal sites. The setup for a configuration
such as this would look like the following:
sites/default/settings.php
sites/example.com/settings.php
sites/sub.example.com/settings.php
sites/sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
When searching for a site configuration (for example
www.sub.example.com/site3), Drupal will search for configuration
files in the following order, using the first configuration file it
finds:
sites/www.sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
sites/sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
sites/example.com.site3/settings.php
sites/www.sub.example.com/settings.php
sites/sub.example.com/settings.php
sites/example.com/settings.php
sites/default/settings.php
Each site configuration can have its own site-specific modules and
themes that will be made available in addition to those installed
in the standard 'modules' and 'themes' directories. To use
site-specific modules or themes, simply create a 'modules' or
'themes' directory within the site configuration directory. For
example, if sub.example.dom has a custom theme and a custom module
that should not be accessible to other sites, the setup would look
like this:
sites/sub.example.com/:
settings.php
themes/:
custom_theme
modules/:
custom_module
NOTE: for more information about multiple virtual hosts or the
configuration settings, consult the Drupal handbook at drupal.org.
5. CONFIGURE DRUPAL
You can now launch your browser and point it to your Drupal site.
Create an account and login. The first account will automatically
become the main administrator account.
6. CRON TASKS
cron job. To activate these tasks, you must call the cron page;
this will pass control to the modules and the modules will decide
if and what they must do.
The following example crontab line will activate the cron script
on the hour:
More information about the cron scripts are available in the admin
help pages and in the Drupal handbook at drupal.org. Example
scripts can be found in the scripts/ directory.
DRUPAL ADMINISTRATION
---------------------
Upon a new installation, your Drupal website defaults to a very basic
configuration with only a few active modules, one theme, and no user
access rights.
Use your administration panel to enable and configure services. For
example, set some general settings for your site with "Administration -
configuration". Enable modules via "Administration - configuration -
modules". User permissions can be set with "Administration - accounts
- permissions".
For more information on configuration options, read through the
instructions which accompany the different configuration settings and
consult the various help pages available in the administration panel.
Note that additional community-contributed modules and themes are
CUSTOMIZING YOUR THEME(S)
-------------------------
Now that your server is running, you will want to customize the look
of your site. Several sample themes are included in the Drupal
installation and more can be downloaded from drupal.org.
contains a PHP file themename.theme which defines a function header()
that can be changed to reference your own logos.
Most themes also contain stylesheets or PHP configuration files to
UPGRADING
---------
1. Backup your database and Drupal directory - especially your
configuration file (www.example.com.conf or includes/conf.php).
2. Log on as the user with user ID 1.
3. Remove all the old Drupal files then unpack the new Drupal files
into the directory that you run Drupal from.
4. Modify the new configuration file to make sure it has the
correct information.
5. Run update.php by visiting http://www.example.com/update.php.
MORE INFORMATION
----------------
For platform specific configuration issues and other installation and
administration assistance, please consult the Drupal handbook at
http://drupal.org/. You can also find support at the Drupal support
forum or through the Drupal mailing lists.