diff --git a/core/includes/bootstrap.inc b/core/includes/bootstrap.inc
index 8fde8aac944defd527eabf8cc00569426edb7b69..0d07356c7f928a55b8228c73edabf2026f599ce3 100644
--- a/core/includes/bootstrap.inc
+++ b/core/includes/bootstrap.inc
@@ -2328,7 +2328,7 @@ function _drupal_bootstrap_page_cache() {
   else {
     drupal_bootstrap(DRUPAL_BOOTSTRAP_VARIABLES, FALSE);
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $cache_enabled = $config->get('cache.page.enabled');
+    $cache_enabled = $config->get('cache.page.use_internal');
   }
   // If there is no session cookie and cache is enabled (or forced), try
   // to serve a cached page.
diff --git a/core/includes/form.inc b/core/includes/form.inc
index 7e374055f243abf9031e67ee10793864afa9a0cd..3ebaca1a5f18ab6b94b4018b0a9fba94640074ff 100644
--- a/core/includes/form.inc
+++ b/core/includes/form.inc
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ function drupal_process_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
       // here, as we've finished with them. The in-memory copies are still
       // here, though.
       $config = config('system.performance');
-      if (!$config->get('cache.page.enabled') && !empty($form_state['values']['form_build_id'])) {
+      if (!$config->get('cache.page.use_internal') && !empty($form_state['values']['form_build_id'])) {
         cache('form')->delete('form_' . $form_state['values']['form_build_id']);
         cache('form')->delete('form_state_' . $form_state['values']['form_build_id']);
       }
diff --git a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/FinishResponseSubscriber.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/FinishResponseSubscriber.php
index f29e0b01378824a3ac790eadd7a1a889a595c04c..c5c491c842e03ca934f6bf956581fc974e17727f 100644
--- a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/FinishResponseSubscriber.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/FinishResponseSubscriber.php
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ public function onRespond(FilterResponseEvent $event) {
     //   use partial page caching more extensively.
     // Commit the user session, if needed.
     drupal_session_commit();
-    if (config('system.performance')->get('cache.page.enabled') && ($cache = drupal_page_set_cache($response->getContent()))) {
+    $max_age = config('system.performance')->get('cache.page.max_age');
+    if ($max_age > 0 && ($cache = drupal_page_set_cache($response->getContent()))) {
       drupal_serve_page_from_cache($cache);
       // drupal_serve_page_from_cache() already printed the response.
       $response->setContent('');
diff --git a/core/modules/statistics/lib/Drupal/statistics/Tests/StatisticsLoggingTest.php b/core/modules/statistics/lib/Drupal/statistics/Tests/StatisticsLoggingTest.php
index 4cb7053c2f90d390ff0ebf5e9064ed2cd23aaa4e..286ad7139303a3017defbe564ef2ef409d61701e 100644
--- a/core/modules/statistics/lib/Drupal/statistics/Tests/StatisticsLoggingTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/statistics/lib/Drupal/statistics/Tests/StatisticsLoggingTest.php
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ function setUp() {
 
     // Enable page caching.
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
 
     // Enable access logging.
diff --git a/core/modules/system/config/system.performance.yml b/core/modules/system/config/system.performance.yml
index d508591d7e57530506780cd7128b43e7b0fe1d5a..80f349a1b5d9a5ac53d745ab7de3f4a972ffd68c 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/config/system.performance.yml
+++ b/core/modules/system/config/system.performance.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 cache:
   page:
-    enabled: '0'
+    use_internal: '0'
     max_age: '0'
 css:
   preprocess: '0'
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/HookExitTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/HookExitTest.php
index 06733409d7399a51423a2a06d2671c3a71d71c11..0a8ef18831e555d49c0efe26d5734b7d4f126be0 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/HookExitTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/HookExitTest.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public static function getInfo() {
   function testHookExit() {
     // Test with cache disabled. Exit should always fire.
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 0);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 0);
     $config->save();
 
     $this->drupalGet('');
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ function testHookExit() {
 
     // Test with normal cache. On the first call, exit should fire
     // (since cache is empty), but on the second call it should not be fired.
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
     $this->drupalGet('');
     $calls++;
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/PageCacheTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/PageCacheTest.php
index 92c0dce40c559f79a96b8dbe2905777a848be320..c09576cd9a914a6588632f22e071d39e9303cdff 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/PageCacheTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Bootstrap/PageCacheTest.php
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ function setUp() {
    */
   function testConditionalRequests() {
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
 
     // Fill the cache.
@@ -87,14 +88,15 @@ function testConditionalRequests() {
    */
   function testPageCache() {
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
 
     // Fill the cache.
     $this->drupalGet('system-test/set-header', array('query' => array('name' => 'Foo', 'value' => 'bar')));
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('X-Drupal-Cache'), 'MISS', 'Page was not cached.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Vary'), 'Cookie,Accept-Encoding', 'Vary header was sent.');
-    $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Cache-Control'), 'public, max-age=0', 'Cache-Control header was sent.');
+    $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Cache-Control'), 'public, max-age=300', 'Cache-Control header was sent.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Expires'), 'Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT', 'Expires header was sent.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Foo'), 'bar', 'Custom header was sent.');
 
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ function testPageCache() {
     $this->drupalGet('system-test/set-header', array('query' => array('name' => 'Foo', 'value' => 'bar')));
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('X-Drupal-Cache'), 'HIT', 'Page was cached.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Vary'), 'Cookie,Accept-Encoding', 'Vary: Cookie header was sent.');
-    $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Cache-Control'), 'public, max-age=0', 'Cache-Control header was sent.');
+    $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Cache-Control'), 'public, max-age=300', 'Cache-Control header was sent.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Expires'), 'Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT', 'Expires header was sent.');
     $this->assertEqual($this->drupalGetHeader('Foo'), 'bar', 'Custom header was sent.');
 
@@ -133,7 +135,8 @@ function testPageCache() {
    */
   function testPageCompression() {
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
 
     // Fill the cache and verify that output is compressed.
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Session/SessionTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Session/SessionTest.php
index dadd2f28d403c8fd3b9b2621fd18c127fab945a0..53a443e798578be860d4ebe496b8e125b91b70a3 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Session/SessionTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Session/SessionTest.php
@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ function testEmptyAnonymousSession() {
 
     // The same behavior is expected when caching is enabled.
     $config = config('system.performance');
-    $config->set('cache.page.enabled', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', 1);
+    $config->set('cache.page.max_age', 300);
     $config->save();
     $this->drupalGet('');
     $this->assertSessionCookie(FALSE);
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Upgrade/SystemUpgradePathTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Upgrade/SystemUpgradePathTest.php
index 7d0d29f1a0cd225505edebc1e459ef485e755585..73a2977dc4e2a9d8594e52fa83f0e2298c327f7f 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Upgrade/SystemUpgradePathTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Upgrade/SystemUpgradePathTest.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function testVariableUpgrade() {
     );
 
     $expected_config['system.performance'] = array(
-      'cache.page.enabled' => '1',
+      'cache.page.use_internal' => '1',
       'cache.page.max_age' => '1800',
       'response.gzip' => '1',
       'js.preprocess' => '1',
diff --git a/core/modules/system/system.admin.inc b/core/modules/system/system.admin.inc
index f66fd2e4dbb7178019274b216f52456647e385ca..a2c7011d51844c445e77f00d3bcef539be3b94d1 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/system.admin.inc
+++ b/core/modules/system/system.admin.inc
@@ -1651,21 +1651,21 @@ function system_performance_settings($form, &$form_state) {
     '#title' => t('Caching'),
   );
 
-  $form['caching']['cache'] = array(
-    '#type' => 'checkbox',
-    '#title' => t('Cache pages for anonymous users'),
-    '#default_value' => $config->get('cache.page.enabled'),
-    '#weight' => -2,
-  );
-
   $period = drupal_map_assoc(array(0, 60, 180, 300, 600, 900, 1800, 2700, 3600, 10800, 21600, 32400, 43200, 86400), 'format_interval');
   $period[0] = '<' . t('none') . '>';
   $form['caching']['page_cache_maximum_age'] = array(
     '#type' => 'select',
-    '#title' => t('Expiration of cached pages'),
+    '#title' => t('Page cache maximum age'),
     '#default_value' => $config->get('cache.page.max_age'),
     '#options' => $period,
-    '#description' => t('The maximum time an external cache can use an old version of a page.'),
+    '#description' => t('The maximum time a page can be cached. This is used as the value for max-age in Cache-Control headers.'),
+  );
+
+  $form['caching']['cache'] = array(
+    '#type' => 'checkbox',
+    '#title' => t('Use internal page cache'),
+    '#description' => t("If a reverse proxy cache isn't available, use Drupal's internal cache system to store cached pages."),
+    '#default_value' => $config->get('cache.page.use_internal'),
   );
 
   $directory = 'public://';
@@ -1682,7 +1682,7 @@ function system_performance_settings($form, &$form_state) {
     '#description' => t('External resources can be optimized automatically, which can reduce both the size and number of requests made to your website.') . $disabled_message,
   );
 
-  $js_hide = $config->get('cache.page.enabled') ? '' : ' class="js-hide"';
+  $js_hide = ($config->get('cache.page.max_age') > 0) ? '' : ' class="js-hide"';
   $form['bandwidth_optimization']['page_compression'] = array(
     '#type' => 'checkbox',
     '#title' => t('Compress cached pages.'),
@@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@ function system_performance_settings($form, &$form_state) {
 function system_performance_settings_submit($form, &$form_state) {
   config_context_enter('config.context.free');
   $config = config('system.performance');
-  $config->set('cache.page.enabled', $form_state['values']['cache']);
+  $config->set('cache.page.use_internal', $form_state['values']['cache']);
   $config->set('cache.page.max_age', $form_state['values']['page_cache_maximum_age']);
   $config->set('response.gzip', $form_state['values']['page_compression']);
   $config->set('css.preprocess', $form_state['values']['preprocess_css']);
diff --git a/core/modules/system/system.install b/core/modules/system/system.install
index d8674bb12e82ef44fca6ed30d4e70aed19d64575..daac6bade694ca40d246d1d4ce92af7621999d63 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/system.install
+++ b/core/modules/system/system.install
@@ -1585,7 +1585,7 @@ function system_update_8016() {
  */
 function system_update_8017() {
   update_variables_to_config('system.performance', array(
-    'cache' => 'cache.page.enabled',
+    'cache' => 'cache.page.use_internal',
     'page_cache_maximum_age' => 'cache.page.max_age',
     'page_compression' => 'response.gzip',
     'preprocess_css' => 'css.preprocess',